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Lapsed listener problem
The lapsed listener problem is a common source of memory leaks for object-oriented languages, among the most common ones for garbage collected languages.〔(What is the lapsed listener problem? ), Andy McMullan〕〔(Memory Loiterers in Java ), Ethan Henry and Ed Lycklama〕
It originates in the observer pattern, where observers (or listeners) are registering with a subject (or publisher) to receive events. In basic implementation, this requires both explicit registration and explicit deregistration, as in the dispose pattern, because the publisher holds strong references to the observers, keeping them alive. The leak happens when a listener forgets to unsubscribe from the publisher when it does not need to listen anymore. Consequently, the publisher still holds a reference to the observer which prevents it from being garbage collected — including all other objects it is referring to — for as long as the publisher is alive, which could be until the end of the application.
This causes not only a memory leak, but also a performance degradation with an "uninterested" observer receiving and acting on unwanted events. This can be prevented by the subject holding weak references to the observers, allowing them to be garbage collected as normal without needing to be unregistered.
==References==
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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